Leaked papers link Xinjiang crackdown with China leadership
The Guardian, November 29, 2021
Related:
The Xinjiang Papers: An Introduction
Uyghur Tribunal, November 27, 2021
Tuesday, November 30, 2021
Xinjiang (新疆)
Taiwan (台湾)
中国三年间引渡600多名台湾人至中国 破坏台湾主权 (Extradition of 600 overseas Taiwanese to China in 3 years undermines Taiwan’s sovereignty)
Radio Free Asia, November 29, 2021
Related:
China's Hunt for Taiwanese Overseas: use of extradition and deportation to undermine Taiwanese sovereignty
Safeguard Defenders, November 30, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
China’s Silence on Peng Shuai Shows the Limits of Beijing's Propaganda
The New York Times, November 30, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
China’s Subnational Influence at Work in the New York State Legislature
The Diplomat, November 29, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
Chinese province targets journalists and students in planned surveillance system
Reuters, November 29, 2021
Related:
Punishing Journalists PRC Province's Latest Mass Surveillance Project, Won by Neusoft Powered By Huawei
IPVM, November 29, 2021
2022 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022北京冬奥)
无国界记者呼吁报道冬奥的媒体记者防范中国政府的监控 (Reporters Without Borders urges journalists covering Beijing Winter Olympics to protect themselves against surveillance by Chinese gov’t)
Voice of America, November 30, 2021
Related
Beijing Winter Olympics: RSF urges press to protect themselves against surveillance
Reporters Without Borders, November 29, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Public, media barred from observing ballot counts at special Hong Kong-mainland border voting stations
Hong Kong Free Press, November 30, 2021
Security law: Dozens of Hong Kong democrats to spend festive season in detention – subversion trial date still unclear
Hong Kong Free Press, November 30, 2021
Related:
民主派初選47人案押後明年3月4日提訊(National security case of 47 pro-democracy figures is adjourned until March 4 next year)
Ming Pao, November 29, 2021
Hong Kong schools must infuse civic, moral values into all subjects under new framework to be revealed soon
South China Morning Post, November 30, 2021
曾代理「12 港人」案 內地人權律師梁小軍被釘牌(Mainland human rights lawyer Liang Xiaojun, who once represented case of "12 Hong Kongers," is stripped of license)
Stand News, November 30, 2021
Some opinion survey questions could breach Hong Kong law, anti-graft chief warns
Hong Kong Free Press, November 30, 2021
Monday, November 29, 2021
Xinjiang (新疆)
EU set to renew sanctions on Chinese officials for alleged Xinjiang abuses
South China Morning Post, November 24, 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
Sichuan rights activist Huang Qi's dying mother fears she will never see him again
Radio Free Asia, November 26, 2021
CAPA Controversy Continued: Li Xuezheng Won’t Be Silenced
What's on Weibo, November 27, 2021
许志永律师梁小军被告知吊销执照 (Liang Xiaojun, Xu Zhiyong's lawyer, is told his license is suspended)
Radio France Internationale, November 27, 2021
郭飞雄妻子自感时日不多 希望中国释放丈夫 (Wife of Guo Feixiong is gravely ill, hopes China will release her husband)
Radio Free Asia, November 26, 2021
中国持不同政见诗人王藏夫妇被控“煽动颠覆”一案再度延期审理 (Dissident poet Wang Zang and his wife's “inciting subversion” trial is postponed again)
Radio Free Asia, November 27, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
Beijing Keeps Trying to Rewrite History
The Atlantic, November 27, 2021
中国娱乐业正经历彻底改造，大明星小网红都要成为政治宣传员 (China is revamping its entertainment industry, requiring celebrities and online influencers to be part of its propaganda machine)
Voice of America, November 25, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
China’s nominee wins Interpol seat despite concerns of human rights groups
South China Morning Post, November 25, 2021
全国妇联权益部发布《家庭暴力受害人证据收集指引》 (All-China Women's Federation Rights Department publishes “Domestic Violence Victim Evidence Collection Guideline”)
Beijing News, November 25, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
US-China tech war: Beijing draws up three-year plan to revamp state technology system
South China Morning Post, November 25, 2021
2022 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022北京冬奥)
Pressure over China’s human rights abuses mounts ahead of Beijing Olympics
The Washington Post, November 26, 2021
Do Sports Still Need China?
体育界的新问题：在中国做生意还值得吗？
The New York Times, November 25, 2021
In I.O.C.’s ‘Quiet Diplomacy,’ Critics See Whitewash of China’s Actions
被指帮助中国粉饰彭帅事件，国际奥委会遭抨击
The New York Times, November 29, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Functional constituencies in Hong Kong’s Legco will all be contested for first time, but is the competition just for show?
South China Morning Post, November 29, 2021
Hong Kong to deploy over 10,000 police to ensure ‘patriots-only’ legislative polls run smoothly
Hong Kong Free Press, November 29, 2021
Hong Kong elections: only 3 Legislative Council candidates identify as ‘pro democracy’, demand universal suffrage in official poll statements
South China Morning Post, November 27, 2021
廉署通緝許智峯及丘文俊 涉煽惑市民投白票及不投票(Exiled Ted Hui and Yau Man-chun wanted by ICAC for inciting citizens to cast blank votes and not vote)
Radio Television Hong Kong, November 29, 2021
Hong Kong court to hear challenge to national security law conviction next March
Hong Kong Free Press, November 26, 2021
Hong Kong public broadcaster RTHK does not have the right to freedom of expression, High Court rules
South China Morning Post, November 25, 2021
Related:
法庭裁定通訊局對《頭條新聞》部分裁決不成立(Court rules Communications Authority's decision against RTHK's Headliner is wrong in part)
Radio Television Hong Kong, November 25, 2021
Hong Kong protests: Telegram group administrator pleads guilty to 9 incitement charges tied to violent 2019 clashes
South China Morning Post, November 29, 2021
National security law: why have Hong Kong’s activist groups fallen like dominoes? Who is to blame and can civil society rebuild itself?
South China Morning Post, November 26, 2021
鄒幸彤控煽動顛覆國家政權 第八次申請保釋被拒(Chow Hang-tung, charged with inciting subversion, is denied bail for the eighth time)
Ming Pao, November 26, 2021
Exclusive | Priscilla Wong, police watchdog chief, set to head governing body of University of Hong Kong, city’s top tertiary institution
South China Morning Post, November 24, 2021
Hong Kong film on 2019 protests wins prize for best documentary at Taiwan’s Golden Horse Awards
South China Morning Post, November 28, 2021
Commentary (评论)
Xi Is Bending Chinese Law to His Will
Foreign Affairs, November 24, 2021
中共需要的不是更多「歷史決議」，而是權力制衡 (The CPC needs checks and balances, not more historical resolutions)
Voicettank, November 22, 2021
What Future for International NGOs in China?
ChinaFile, November 24, 2021
The Death Knell for Hong Kong’s Democracy
“国殇之柱”被移除：香港民主的丧钟
The New York Times, November 25, 2021
People’s disconnection from Legco election could spell trouble for Beijing, Hong Kong officials
South China Morning Post, November 29, 2021
Wednesday, November 24, 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
紧急关注：谢阳律师11月23日晚上在上海失联 (Urgent update: Lawyer Xie Yang lost contact in Shanghai on the night of November 23)
Weiquanwang, November 23, 2021
黄琦母亲癌症晚期病情恶化 盼见儿最后一面 (Mother of jailed activist Huang Qi is suffering from last stage cancer—seeing her son is her last wish)
Radio Free Asia, November 24, 2021
After 4 Years as Pawn in China-US Game, Seattle Man Is Home
The Diplomat, November 24, 2021
「彭帥事件」連鎖效應 專家聚焦北京「強迫失蹤」作法 (The ripple effect from Peng Shuai's disappearance: Experts focus on Beijing's “enforced disappearance”)
Deutsche Welle, November 24, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
Keep out fake news in age of Covid-19, Chinese propaganda chief urges world media
South China Morning Post, November 23, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
China’s Quest for Greater ‘Discourse Power’
The Diplomat, November 24, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
Chinese tech philanthropy in the age of ‘common prosperity’
SupChina, November 23, 2021
2022 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022北京冬奥)
Peng Shuai: Human Rights Watch accuses IOC of sportswashing in case of Chinese tennis star
CNN, November 23, 2021
Peng Shuai to Xinjiang - the issues dogging the Beijing Olympics
Agence France-Presse, November 24, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Poll finds only half of Hongkongers inclined to vote in upcoming legislative race – a record low
Hong Kong Free Press, November 24, 2021
Related:
【立法會爭位】《大公報》點名追擊民研 斥民調煽惑不投票 鍾劍華：學術研究沒理由構成煽動(Pro-Beijing newspaper accuses HKPORI LegCo election survey of inciting to not vote)
Stand News, November 24, 2021HKPOP releases the first round of LegCo Election Survey results, the latest popularities of CE and SAR Government along with PSI and GGPI
香港民研發放發放第一輪立法會選舉調查結果、特首及政府民望、民情指數以及限聚指數
Hong Kong Public Opinion Research Institute, November 23, 2021
Hong Kong to revive bill bolstering copyright law as minister warns satire and parodies must toe national security line
South China Morning Post, November 24, 2021
Tuesday, November 23, 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
欧盟今再敦促中国释放张展 (EU again urges China to release Zhang Zhan)
Radio France Internationale, November 23, 2021
江西“国保”凌驾于法律之上，律师要求会见肖青山遭拒 (Domestic security denies lawyer's visit to rights activist Shao Qingshan)
Weiquanwang, November 22, 2021
Taiwan (台湾)
响应印太战略哈利法克斯国际安全论坛移师台湾 (In response to the Indo-Pacific framework, Halifax Forum will be held in Taiwan)
Radio France Internationale, November 23, 2021
Related:
HFX ANNOUNCES WINTER 2022 TAIPEI FORUM
Halifax International Security Forum, July 21, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
Why Peng Shuai Frustrates China's Propaganda Machine
The New York Times, November 23, 2021
Related:
彭帥微笑現身等於沒事? 外界不買單 (Peng Shuai re-emerging with a smile means she's safe? People aren't buying it)
Deutsche Welle, November 23, 2021
中国召开“网络文明大会” 何谓“网络文明”？ (China hosted Internet Civilization Conference, but what is “Internet Civilization”?)
Radio Free Asia, November 22, 2021
Little red children and ‘Grandpa Xi’: China’s school textbooks reflect the rise of Xi Jinping’s personality cult
The Conversation, November 23, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
國際刑警組織選舉新領導 阿聯酋、中國人選受質疑 (Interpol new leader election: UAE and China candidates spark concerns)
Deutsche Welle, November 22, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
National security law: student activist who advocated Hong Kong independence jailed for 43 months
South China Morning Post, November 23, 2021
唐英傑就定罪及刑期上訴 周五開庭索取法庭指示(Tong Ying Kit, first person sentenced under national security law, to appeal conviction and sentence)
Radio Television Hong Kong, November 23, 2021
Hong Kong to set up polling booths at border checkpoints; Lam evades question over legality of protest votes
Hong Kong Free Press, November 23, 2021
Commentary (评论)
West weighs up costs of boycotting China’s Winter Olympics
The Guardian, November 22, 2021
Olympics: Don’t Promote Chinese State Propaganda
Human Rights Watch, November 22, 2021
Monday, November 22, 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
China: Journalist jailed for COVID reporting seriously ill, must be released – UN experts
UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, November 22, 2021
Immediately release sick Chinese journalist, rights experts urge
联合国人权专家敦促中国政府释放公民记者和人权捍卫者张展
UN News, November 22, 2021
UN urges China to free seriously ill journalist jailed over Wuhan Covid reporting
Agence France-Presse, November 20, 2021
联合国呼吁中国当局立即释放公民记者张展(UN calls on Chinese authorities to immediately release citizen journalist Zhang Zhan)
Radio Free Asia, November 19, 2021
Related:
Comment by UN Human Rights Office Spokesperson Marta Hurtado on China
UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, November 19, 2021联合国人权事务高级专员发言人玛塔·乌尔塔多对中国的评论
Human Rights in China (Chinese translation), November 19, 2021
Peng Shuai's call with Olympic chief not enough to ease concerns: WTA
Reuters, November 22, 2021
国际奥委会被斥配合中共玩宣传特技表演 漠视彭帅遭张高丽性侵指控(IOC is criticized for cooperating with CPC to in propaganda, ignoring Peng Shuai's allegations of sexual assault by CPC senior official)
Voice of America, November 22, 2021
China’s disappeared: high-profile figures who have gone missing in the past decade
The Guardian, November 19, 2021
七国人权官员会见许艳 关注余文生一案(Human rights officials from 7 countries meet with Xu Yan, expressing concern for her husband Yu Wensheng)
Radio Free Asia, November 22, 2021
Taiwan (台湾)
中国决定降级与立陶宛外交关系，“严正抗议”在该国设立台湾代表处(China downgrades diplomatic relations with Lithuania in "solemn protest" of Taiwan representative office in that country)
British Broadcasting Corporation, November 21, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
Censors, legal hurdles stifle China’s #MeToo movement
Agence France-Presse, November 22, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
Explainer | China’s e-commerce crackdown: timeline of Beijing’s actions to bring tech giants in line with national policy
South China Morning Post, November 22, 2021
2022 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022北京冬奥)
When athletes get political: Support for the Uyghurs ahead of the Beijing Winter Olympics
GlobalVoices, November 19, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Hong Kong elections: pollster group moves ahead with survey on voter sentiment for Legco race, drops popularity rankings
South China Morning Post, November 22, 2021
Hong Kong centrists test the waters as Beijing tries to avoid the appearance of a stage-managed election
Hong Kong Free Press, November 21, 2021
National security law: Hong Kong labour minister says social workers board must join other public officials in taking oath of allegiance to city
South China Morning Post, November 21, 2021
Hong Kong protests: tossed water bottle lands factory worker in prison for 2½ years
South China Morning Post, November 22, 2021
Hong Kong teachers avoiding ‘sensitive topics’ in revamped liberal studies subject to keep out of trouble
South China Morning Post, November 21, 2021
立法會選舉｜丁健華將成立「香港教師工會」 助因專業失當遭DQ教師上訴(LegCo election education sector to set up "Hong Kong Teachers' Trade Union" to help appeal by disqualified teachers accused of “professional misconduct”)
Ming Pao, November 21, 2021
Exclusive: Hong Kong public libraries purge 29 titles about the Tiananmen Massacre from the shelves
Hong Kong Free Press, November 21, 2021
Two Hong Kong movie showings axed under new gov’t national security film censorship rules
Hong Kong Free Press, November 21, 2021
Commentary (评论)
The Chinese Communist Party Still Thinks It Owns the Future
Foreign Policy, November 21, 2021
Hong Kong gov’t has to admit its failings over 2019 protests to win back public trust
Hong Kong Free Press, November 20, 2021
Concern and Anger Build Over Missing Athlete’s Sexual Assault Allegations
彭帅事件对网球的未来意味着什么？
The New York Times, November 22, 2021
Friday, November 19, 2021
Taiwan (台湾)
台湾驻立陶宛代表处挂牌：北京强烈抗议称“后果自负”(Taiwan's representative office in Lithuania is open: Beijing strongly protests, saying "at your own risk")
British Broadcasting Corporation, November 19, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
The Show Goes On, Even After China Tried to Shut It Down
无视中国压力，意大利为华裔政治漫画家巴丢草办个展
The New York Times, November 19, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
US-China tech war: Xi Jinping doubles down on ‘technology security’ measures as part of nation’s five-year plan
South China Morning Post, November 19, 2021
2022 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022北京冬奥)
U.S. Is ‘Considering’ Diplomatic Boycott of Beijing Olympics, Biden Says
拜登称美国正考虑对北京冬奥会进行外交抵制
The New York Times, November 19, 2021
Related:
China calls talk of diplomatic boycott of Olympics a distraction
The Washington Post, November 19, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
資審委裁定153名立法會選舉候選人資格有效1人無效(Candidate Eligibility Review Committee approves 153 LegCo election candidates, disqualifies 1)
Radio Television Hong Kong, November 19, 2021
7 young Hong Kong activists facing national security charges – inc. 4 minors – to return to court in Jan
Hong Kong Free Press, November 18, 2021
Hong Kong’s chief justice condemns recent threats against judges and urges respect for rule of law
South China Morning Post, November 19, 2021
黎智英獲頒「伊菲爾新聞自由獎」 四子黎崇恩：以父為榮(Jimmy Lai awarded Gwen Ifill Press Freedom Award; Lai's son Sebastien: I'm proud of my dad)
Stand News, November 19, 2021
Related:
CPJ's 2021 IPFA: Gwen Ifill Press Freedom Awardee Jimmy Lai
Committee to Protect Journalists, November 19, 2021
‘Daily torture’: Pro-democracy retail chain Chickeeduck to exit Hong Kong in 2022 citing pressure, threats
Hong Kong Free Press, November 19, 2021
國殤之柱創作人高志活公開3D掃描圖 冀散落全球延續悼念(Danish sculptor Jens Galschiøt opens "Pillar of Shame" 3D scanning file source)
inmedia.hk, November 19, 2021
Commentary (评论)
Steve Vines: The future of press freedom in Hong Kong
Hong Kong Free Press, November 19, 2021
Biden Thinks He Can Have It Both Ways on China. He’s Wrong
拜登在中国问题上想两全其美，他错了
The New York Times, November 19, 2021
Chinese Tennis Star’s Disappearance Is Warning for Olympics
Human Rights Watch, November 18, 2021
Thursday, November 18, 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
China making example of jailed Wuhan Covid journalist, says lawyer
The Guardian, November 18, 2021
Furor Over Peng Shuai's #MeToo Accusation Challenges China
The New York Times, November 18, 2021
安徽合肥著名民运人士沈良庆在遭羁押2年半后 昨获刑3年有期徒刑(Shen Liangqing, noted Anhui pro-democracy activist, is sentenced to 3 years in prison after being detained for 2.5 years)
Weiquanwang, November 18, 2021
Women’s Tennis Challenges China’s Narrative Over Missing Player
中国官媒刊登“彭帅声明”，国际女子网球协会表示质疑
The New York Times, November 18, 2021
张展获无国界记者新闻自由勇气奖(Chinese citizen reporter Zhang Zhan wins 2021 RSF Press Freedom Award)
Radio Free Asia, November 18, 2021
Related:
Chinese journalist, Palestinian journalist and Pegasus Project receive 2021 RSF Press Freedom Awards
Reporters Without Borders, November 17, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
China’s historical resolution puts focus on rising national security threats, pledges ‘fight to the end’
South China Morning Post, November 18, 2021
布林肯认定中国等10国为宗教自由侵犯国(U.S. designates China, 9 other countries as violators of religious freedom)
Voice of America, November 17, 2021
Related:
US Designates China, Russia, 8 Others as Violators of Religious Freedom
Voice of America, November 17, 2021
澳大利亚修改法律反击中国渗透和干预大学校园(Australia amends laws to counter China’s infiltration, interference at universities)
Voice of America, November 17, 2021
Related:
Australia toughens rules on foreign interference at universities
Reuters, November 16, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
Beijing is speeding up foreign tech phase-out
The Standard, November 18, 2021
Beijing to discuss efforts to clean, control the internet at ‘cyberspace civilisation’ conference
South China Morning Post, November 17, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Hong Kong anti-corruption watchdog to monitor social media for ‘incitement’, deploying 800 officers on polling day
Hong Kong Free Press, November 18, 2021
Fake news in Hong Kong: who should serve as arbiter of what is true and false?
South China Morning Post, November 18, 2021
Hong Kong official says media should take steps to boost its credibility
Radio Free Asia, November 17, 2021
Political slogans banned at Hong Kong Cyclothon and harbour swim race, organisers may involve police
Hong Kong Free Press, November 18, 2021
港區國安法｜美國報告指國安法影響香港社會政治 港府強烈譴責反駁指控(HK gov't denounces U.S. report saying national security law affects HK's society, politics)
Ming Pao, November 18, 2021
Related:
2021 REPORT TO CONGRESS of the U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION
U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, November 18, 2021HKSARG strongly opposes the United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission report
HKSAR government, November 18, 2021
Wednesday, November 17, 2021
Xinjiang (新疆)
China’s Xinjiang cotton is banned in the U.S. but still making it to store shelves, says report
The Washington Post, November 17, 2021
Related:
Laundering Cotton: How Xinjiang Cotton is Obscured in International Supply Chains
Sheffield Hallam University Helena Kennedy Centre, November 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
著名人权捍卫者、“民生观察网”创建人刘飞跃5年刑期已满 今获释到家 (Liu Feiyue, human rights defender and founder of Civil Rights & Livelihood Watch, returns home after 5 years in prison for subversion)
Weiquanwang, November 17, 2021
德國政府呼籲北京釋放張展 (Germany urges Beijing to release Zhang Zhan)
Deutsche Welle, November 16, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
China’s Content Manipulation Reaches New Frontiers
The Diplomat, November 16, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
China, US agree to ease restrictions on journalists
BBC News, November 17, 2021
U.S. and China Agree to Ease Restrictions on Journalists
美中同意放宽记者签证限制
The New York Times, November 17, 2021
Cultural Revolution was a catastrophe and Mao was responsible, China’s Communist Party upholds in landmark statement
South China Morning Post, November 17, 2021
习近平为什么三不提 (Why did Xi Jinping omit these three things in the Historical Resolution?)
Radio France Internationale, November 17, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
Chinese news groups warned of penalties for internet information violations
South China Morning Post, November 17, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Hong Kong authorities will criminalise ‘fake news’ only as a last resort, city’s No 2 official says
South China Morning Post, November 17, 2021
Hong Kong’s Tiananmen Massacre vigil symbolised ‘struggle of memory against forgetting,’ says democrat in mitigation
Hong Kong Free Press, November 17, 2021
Related:
六四31年集會案 李卓人哽咽求情「一生無悔」 提創立職工盟感觸落淚(In plea in mitigation, Hong Kong Alliance ex-chairman Lee Cheuk-yan says "I have no regrets in my life")
inmedia.hk, November 17, 2021
【47 人案】律政司申延至明年再訊 據悉羅德泉拒絕 促控方交代進度 維持本月 29 日提訊(Magistrate Peter Law rejects DoJ's request to delay the case of 47 pro-democracy figures charged under National Security Law, urges prosecution to explain progress)
Stand News, November 17, 2021
【理大兩年】流亡英國青年：由金鎖匙變地底泥(Interviews with three youngsters who were inside the 2019 PolyU siege now in self-exile in UK)
CitizenNews, November 17, 2021
Ex-Hong Kong law prof Benny Tai set to plead guilty in election expenses case
Hong Kong Free Press, November 17, 2021
香港立法会选举“非建制派”倾巢而出 学者：两面不是人 选情难乐观 (“Non pro-establishment” candidates go all-out for LegCo election; scholars not optimistic: They don’t belong to neither side)
Voice of America, November 17, 2021
Commentary (评论)
Justice for the Uyghurs: What the US Can Do
The Diplomat, November 16, 2021
康美药业后，中国式集体诉讼还可以走多远？ (After the first successful class-action win against Kangmei Pharmaceutical, will there be more?)
Financial Times, November 16, 2021
Tuesday, November 16, 2021
Xinjiang (新疆)
中国网民实地拍摄新疆再教育营视频 (A Chinese YouTuber provides the latest glimpse of Xinjiang re-education camp)
Radio Free Asia, November 16, 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
CHINESE FEMINISTS AND GLOBAL TENNIS STARS ASK, “WHERE IS PENG SHUAI?”
China Digital Times, November 15, 2021
Chinese Human Rights Lawyers Circulate Open Letter to Shanghai Authorities Appealing for Citizen Journalist Zhang Zhan to Receive a Full Physical Examination and Emergency Medical Treatment
China Change, November 15, 2021
吴有水：850天，小吴（吴葛健雄）终于来信了！ (Wu Youshui: Finally, letters from my son Xiao Wu (Wu Gejianxiong) after 850 days!)
Weiquanwang, November 16, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
Xi warns of Taiwan 'red line' in Biden meeting; US leader raises concerns over Xinjiang, Tibet, Hong Kong
Channel News Asia, November 16, 2021
Biden and Xi are meeting amid economic and military tensions.
聚焦中美元首视频峰会：习近平和拜登谈了些什么
The New York Times, November 16, 2021
Taiwan, Trade, Tech and More: A Tense Era in U.S.-China Ties
台湾、贸易、技术：详解新时代美中竞争
The New York Times, November 16, 2021
六中決議：八九政治風波由國際敵對勢力支持和煽動 (The Sixth Plenary Resolution: The 1989 political disturbance was “egged on” by international hostile forces)
Radio Television Hong Kong, November 16, 2021
Related:
（受权发布）中共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议
Full Text: Resolution of the CPC Central Committee on the Major Achievements and Historical Experience of the Party over the Past Century
Xinhua, November 16, 2021
China’s nominee to Interpol committee opposed by lawmakers from 20 countries
South China Morning Post, November 16, 2021
Related:
No Room To Run: China’s expanded mis(use) of INTERPOL since the rise of Xi Jinping
Safeguard Defenders, November 16, 2021
Xi Jinping’s Terrifying New China
The Atlantic, November 16, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
Revising China's History, to Glorify Xi Jinping
The New York Times, November 16, 2021
首届中国网络文明大会将于11月19日在京举办 (The first China Internet Civilization Conference to be held in Beijing on November 19)
People's Daily, November 16, 2021
2022 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022北京冬奥)
Tough questions over Xinjiang loom for Olympians in China
Financial Times, November 15, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
【支聯會案】鄒幸彤 7 度被拒保釋 旁聽人士喊「堅持、加油」(Former Hong Kong Alliance vice-chair Chow Hang-tung is denied bail for the 7th time; attendees shout "hang in there," "add oil")
Stand News, November 16, 2021
American lawyer jailed for assaulting police officer during Hong Kong protests ‘acted in self-defence’, appeal court told
South China Morning Post, November 15, 2021
Google reveals details of 3 instances it removed content at request of Hong Kong police
Hong Kong Free Press, November 16, 2021
Hong Kong saw itself as Asia’s data hub, but Beijing’s strict cybersecurity rules threaten that status
South China Morning Post, November 16, 2021
Hong Kong’s Carrie Lam refuses to explain Economist journalist’s visa denial, says HK is an ‘int’l city’
Hong Kong Free Press, November 16, 2021
Hong Kong Broadcaster’s Swift Turn From Maverick Voice to Official Mouthpiece
从社会公器到官方“喉舌”：香港电台“改头换面”
The New York Times, November 16, 2021
Monday, November 15, 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
ON CHINA’S “JOURNALISTS’ DAY,” RENEWED CALLS TO FREE JAILED JOURNALISTS ZHANG ZHAN, HUANG XUEQIN AND LABOR ACTIVIST WANG JIANBING
China Digital Times, November 12, 2021
中国维权人士李翘楚持续幻听 父母申请保释被拒(Chinese rights activist Li Qiaochu continues to suffer from auditory hallucinations, her parents' application for bail was rejected)
Radio Free Asia, November 15, 2021
WTA Tour Seeks Chinese Inquiry Into Player’s Sexual Assault Accusation
国际女子网球协会就彭帅事件发声，呼吁彻查
The New York Times, November 15, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
China’s internet police losing man-versus-machine duel on social media
South China Morning Post, November 14, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
中共加强对网络业者管控 赴港上市须经网络安审批准(CPC strengthens its control over Internet companies, listings in Hong Kong must go through Internet security approval)
Voice of America, November 14, 2021
Related:
国家互联网信息办公室关于《网络数据安全管理条例（征求意见稿）》公开征求意见的通知(Notice of Cyberspace Administration of China on the "Regulations on the Administration of Cyber Data Security (Draft for Solicitation of Comments)" for public comments)
Cyberspace Administration of China, November 14, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
China’s nominee to Interpol committee opposed by lawmakers from 20 countries
South China Morning Post, November 15, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Hong Kong denies visa to Economist journalist in latest media blow
The Guardian, November 13, 2021
Without pro-democracy candidates, Hong Kong’s ‘patriots only’ legislative election will see ‘limited competition,’ analyst says
Hong Kong Free Press, November 15, 2021
Related:
Who wants to be a Hong Kong lawmaker? Can they win over opposition voters? A look at aspiring candidates, from moderates to reformists to staunch loyalists
South China Morning Post, November 13, 2021
美籍銀行律師襲警囚4個半月 上訴稱欲使持武器警冷靜 官笑言：那是警棍，不是槍(American lawyer appeals his sentence for assaulting police in 2019 protest, says he was acting in self-defense; judge says it was a police baton, not a gun.)
inmedia.hk, November 15, 2021
Hong Kong protests: 20 found guilty over 2019 Sheung Wan riot, though recent ‘joint enterprise’ ruling plays role in 3 acquittals
South China Morning Post, November 13, 2021
Statue of late Chinese dissident Liu Xiaobo removed from Hong Kong storefront following gov’t order
Hong Kong Free Press, November 15, 2021
高志活發公開信 擬親身來港移走國殤之柱 望港府保證不被捕(In open letter, Danish sculptor Jens Galschiot says he plans to move Pillar of Shame in person in Hong Kong, but needs to make sure gov't won't arrest him)
Ming Pao, November 12, 2021
In Hong Kong’s striking new museum, art is not ‘above the law’
The Washington Post, November 15, 2021
Commentary (评论)
关于给予张展全面身体检查和紧急救治的呼吁书(Appeal to give Zhang Zhan comprehensive physical examination and urgent treatment)
Weiquanwang, November 14, 2021
FREE THE FIVE! 2022 BEIJING WINTER OLYMPICS AND PARALYMPICS CAMPAIGN
Amnesty International, November 15, 2021
Commentary: Is Hong Kong now just another Chinese city?
Channel News Asia, November 14, 2021
Friday, November 12, 2021
Xinjiang (新疆)
Chinese agents operating abroad to get Uyghurs deported, ICC told
The Guardian, November 11, 2021
美大屠杀博物馆发布报告 再次确认新疆发生着反人类罪行(U.S. Holocaust Museum report details crimes against humanity in Xinjiang)
Voice of America, November 11, 2021
Related:
U.S. Holocaust Museum report shows China increasing Uyghur repression
PBS, November 9, 2021
Taiwan (台湾)
As Distrust of China Grows, Europe May Inch Closer to Taiwan
欧洲与台湾接触增加，外交政策微妙转向？
The New York Times, November 11, 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
Family of jailed Chinese chronicler of Wuhan lockdown pleads for her release
The Washington Post, November 12, 2021
前贵州大学教授杨绍政被正式批捕(Yang Shaozheng, former professor of Guizhou University and critic of government policies, is formally arrested)
Radio Free Asia, November 11, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
Chinese Communist Party resolution cements Xi Jinping’s leadership, putting him on par with Mao, and paves way for legacy-defining third term
South China Morning Post, November 11, 2021
Related:
How Will Xi Jinping Rewrite History?
Foreign Policy, November 10, 2021
封堵华为、中兴设备 拜登签署《安全设备法案》(Blocking Huawei and ZTE’s equipment, Biden signs the " Secure Equipment Act of 2021")
Deutsche Welle, November 12, 2021
Related:
Bill Signed: H.R. 3919
The White House, November 11, 2021
China and U.S., at Odds on Many Issues, Agree on a Surprise Climate Deal
中美罕见达成一致，发表强化气候行动联合宣言
The New York Times, November 11, 2021
中共六中全会强力维稳，异议人士被迫离京 行动受限(“Stability maintenance” during CPC Central Committee’s 6th Plenum drove dissidents out of Beijing and limited others’ movements)
Voice of America, November 11, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
Headlines From China: China’s Tech Crackdown Is Upending Lives From Beijing to Kentucky
ChinaFilmInsider, November 10, 2021
2022 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022北京冬奥)
Beijing Olympic sponsors urged to speak up on human rights abuses in China
Agence France-Presse, November 12, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
National security law: Hong Kong’s self-styled ‘Captain America’ jailed for nearly 6 years for inciting secession
South China Morning Post, November 11, 2021
Related:
裁決理由：香港特別行政區 訴 馬俊文 (Reasons for Verdict: HKSAR v. MA CHUN MAN)
Hong Kong District Court, October 25, 2021
Ex-police officer arrested over ‘seditious’ social media post ‘inciting hatred’ against Hong Kong gov’t
Hong Kong Free Press, November 12, 2021
Hong Kong speedboat fugitive in 'educational reform' program in Guangdong prison
Radio Free Asia, November 10, 2021
Behind bars, Hong Kong’s democrats remain popular
The Economist, November 11, 2021
Hackers Targeted Apple Devices in Hong Kong for Widespread Attack
Wired, November 11, 2021
言語治療師工會5理事被控 其中兩人申請保釋被拒(Two of five members of General Union of Hong Kong Speech Therapists charged in connection with “seditious” children’s books are denied bail)
Radio Television Hong Kong, November 12, 2021
Hong Kong Broadcaster's Swift Turn From Maverick Voice to Official Mouthpiece
The New York Times, November 12, 2021
Hong Kong’s new M+ museum will display works by Ai Weiwei, but exhibitions will also ‘comply with the law’, arts hub official says
South China Morning Post, November 11, 2021
Related:
Hong Kong's M+ Museum Is Finally Open. It's Already in Danger.
The New York Times, November 12, 2021
前區議員葉錦龍涉刑毁拒捕罪不成立 官：警無展示委任證未表明拘捕無權用武力(Former district councillor Sam Yip acquitted of criminal damage charge; judge: police did not show warrant card and have no right to use force)
Ming Pao, November 11, 2021
城大校長郭位不續任 去年未簽理解《國安法》聯署聲明(Contract of CityU president Kuo Way, who did not sign joint statement to support NSL, will not be renewed when it ends in 2023)
inmedia.hk, November 11, 2021
Commentary (评论)
Opinion: Xi Jinping, China's eternal president
Deutsche Welle, November 11, 2021
Hong Kong: ‘Captain America’ sentencing exposes ‘dangerously disproportionate’ restrictions on rights
Amnesty International, November 11, 2021
Related:
Hong Kong: Harsh Sentence for Shouting Slogans
Human Rights Watch, November 11, 2021
Wednesday, November 10, 2021
Xinjiang (新疆)
China’s treatment of Uygurs may be genocide, warns report by US Holocaust Museum
South China Morning Post, November 10, 2021
Related:
“To Make Us Slowly Disappear”: The Chinese Government’s Assault on the Uyghurs
United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, November, 2021
Tibet (西藏)
China leaders ‘don’t understand variety of cultures’: Dalai Lama
Al Jazeera, November 10, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
The World Is Fed Up With China’s Belligerence
The Atlantic, November 9, 2021
2022 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022北京冬奥)
Beijing Olympics get ‘gold for repression’ in labor report
Associated Press, November 9, 2021
Related:
China: A gold medal for repression
International Trade Union Confederation, November 9, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Hong Kong elections: anti-corruption agency arrests 3 for allegedly urging others to cast blank ballots in Legislative Council poll
South China Morning Post, November 10, 2021
Hong Kong ‘non-pro-establishment’ party Path of Democracy secures spots in ‘patriots only’ legislative race
Hong Kong Free Press, November 10, 2021
Hong Kong prosecutors cite Dominic Raab comments in bid to deny bail for Apple Daily boss
The Guardian, November 10, 2021
Related:
【蘋果日報案】高院就拒絕張劍虹保釋頒判詞 律政司：張可透過台灣蘋果網危國安(High Court hands down decision denying bail to Apple Daily Ex-CEO Cheung Kim-hung; prosecution: Cheung can threaten national security through Taiwan Apple Daily)
Stand News, November 10, 2021
Hong Kong activist denies partaking in Tiananmen Massacre vigil, says she attended park to protest police ban
Hong Kong Free Press, November 10, 2021
University chief who called for enquiry into Hong Kong student's death to step down
Radio Free Asia, November 9, 2021
Hong Kong student jailed for 40 months for rioting amid police storming of Prince Edward MTR station
Hong Kong Free Press, November 10, 2021
Commentary (评论)
“朝阳群众”无处不在，警察国家还是安全社会？ (Are the omnipresent “Chaoyang masses” building a police state or a safe society?)
Voice of America, November 10, 2021
Tuesday, November 09, 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
US urges Beijing to release jailed citizen journalist Zhang Zhan
South China Morning Post, November 9, 2021
China gender-based violence, victim-blaming in the spotlight after man arrested over alleged murder of woman jogging
South China Morning Post, November 9, 2021
被监视居住逾三年 “中国人权观察”始创人徐秦涉“煽颠”遭批捕 (After 3 years under residential surveillance, China Human Rights Watch founder Xu Qin is arrested for “inciting subversion of state power”)
Radio Free Asia, November 8, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
美报告揭露中国黑客组织对美国敏感部门实施新一轮攻击 (Report reveals Chinese hacker group’s new round of attacks targeting sensitive U.S. departments)
Voice of America, November 9, 2021
Related:
Targeted Attack Campaign Against ManageEngine ADSelfService Plus Delivers Godzilla Webshells, NGLite Trojan and KdcSponge Stealer
Palo Alto Networks, November 7, 2021
Chinese tech companies appear to censor Uyghur and Tibetan
Protocol, November 8, 2021
2022 Beijing Winter Olympics (2022北京冬奥)
As the Beijing Winter Olympics countdown begins, calls to boycott the ‘Genocide Games’ grow
The Conversation, November 9, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Calls to cast invalid votes or boycott election may breach national security law, Hong Kong security chief warns
Hong Kong Free Press, November 8, 2021
Hong Kong, mainland Chinese authorities in talks to allow quarantine-free voting in Legco poll at cross-border checkpoints
South China Morning Post, November 9, 2021
Hong Kong news outlet Stand News nominated for Reporters Without Borders Press Freedom Prize
Hong Kong Free Press, November 9, 2021
科大校長史維辭任 曾籲徹查周梓樂有否延誤救治 任內有科大學生因辦悼念會受處分(HKUST president Shyy Wei, who once demanded independent investigation into student Alex Chow's death in the 2019 protest and did not sign joint statement to support NSL, resigns)
Stand News, November 9, 2021
Commentary (评论)
China: #MeToo journalist and labour activist facing ‘subversion’ charge must be released
Amnesty International, November 9, 2021
Monday, November 08, 2021
Xinjiang (新疆)
Uyghurs Seek Emotional Help as Families in China Suffer
The New York Times, November 7, 2021
CHINESE TRANSLATION OF ASPI’S “ARCHITECTURE OF REPRESSION” XINJIANG REPORT NOW AVAILABLE
China Digital Times, November 5, 2021
Related:
澳大利亚战略政策研究所｜解构新疆镇压：中共党国如何治疆？（全）(Australian Institute of Strategic Policy｜Deconstructing the Repression of Xinjiang: How does CPC govern Xinjiang (full text)?)
China Digital Times, November 5, 2021
‘A Daily Cloud of Suffering’: A Crackdown in China Is Felt Abroad
中国镇压新疆给海外维吾尔人造成的心理创伤
The New York Times, November 8, 2021
Tibet (西藏)
西藏之声：中共当局借“九年义务教育”强制藏族僧人 (Voice of Tibet: CPC authorities use "nine-year compulsory education" to secularize Tibetan monks)
Radio Free Asia, November 7, 2021
Access to Justice (司法公正)
Jailed Wuhan journalist Zhang Zhan nominated for RSF press freedom award
The Guardian, November 8, 2021
Related:
狱中中国公民记者张展获无国界记者新闻自由奖提名(Imprisoned Chinese citizen journalist Zhang Zhan is nominated for Reporters Without Borders' Press Freedom Award)
Voice of America, November 8, 2021
江苏人权活动人士徐秦被指控犯煽动颠覆国家政权罪于2021年11月5日被执行逮捕(Jiangsu human rights activist Xu Qin is formally arrested on charges of inciting subversion of state power)
Weiquanwang, November 6, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
Xi Jinping to lay out vision for China’s future – and past – at key meeting
The Guardian, November 8, 2021
Near-Daily Covid Tests, Sleeping in Classrooms: Life in Covid-Zero China
“没办法生活”：在病毒清零政策中被“榨干”的瑞丽
The New York Times, November 8, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Encouraging ‘words, signs or gestures’ may still lead to rioting convictions, says justice chief after top court ruling
Hong Kong Free Press, November 8, 2021
【六四和平集會案】控方稱維園滿佈燭光 鄒幸彤否認成功集會 但成功呼遍地開花(Prosecution says Victoria Park was filled with candlelight; Chow Hang-tung says she succeeded in calling for “blooming everywhere,” but not in holding assembly)
Stand News, November 8, 2021
Related:
【六四和平集會】何桂藍：不認同支聯會 事前僅去過一次集會 國安法後悼念六四是反抗(Gwyneth Ho: I had only joined vigil once as I did not identify with Hong Kong Alliance; June Fourth vigil after National Security Law is a form of resistance)
Stand News, November 8, 2021
Hong Kong election: opposition hopefuls clear first hurdle after getting sufficient support to run
South China Morning Post, November 8, 2021
Foreign journalists fear further trouble under Hong Kong security law
Radio Free Asia, November 5, 2021
Stand news chief quits
The Standard, November 8, 2021
鄧炳強：許智峯等在社交網站煽動抵制選舉或已觸犯條例(Security chief Chris Tang: Ted Hui’s incitement on social media to boycott election may have breached the law)
Radio Television Hong Kong, November 8, 2021
EXCLUSIVE New Hong Kong university classes set out dangers of breaking security law
Reuters, November 5, 2021
Young people in Hong Kong losing confidence in rule of law after 2019 protests, survey finds
South China Morning Post, November 7, 2021
Commentary (评论)
What Peng Shuai’s Story Tells Us About #MeToo in China
The Diplomat, November 5, 2021
To Steer China’s Future, Xi Is Rewriting Its Past
中共将出台第三个“历史决议”，习近平重释党史巩固地位
The New York Times, November 8, 2021
Friday, November 05, 2021
Taiwan (台湾)
China says it will hold supporters of Taiwan's independence criminally responsible for life
Reuters, November 5, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
Xi Jinping is rewriting history to justify his rule for years to come
The Economist, November 6, 2021
China’s leading LGBTQ advocacy group deletes social media accounts, appears to be in jeopardy
SupChina, November 4, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
Ignore China’s New Data Privacy Law at Your Peril
Wired, November 5, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Security law: Hong Kong court denies bail to former Next Digital CEO pending foreign collusion trial
Hong Kong Free Press, November 5, 2021
Hong Kong protests: former vice-chairwoman of Tiananmen vigil group admits joining gathering, denies calling on others to participate in person
South China Morning Post, November 5, 2021
十一國慶日有國旗被燒毀案 警方拘捕多一名男子(Police arrest another man for setting national flag on fire on National Day)
Radio Television Hong Kong, November 5, 2021
Hong Kong journalists urge government to drop plans for fake news law, as survey reveals belief that freedom of press is deteriorating in the city
South China Morning Post, November 5, 2021
曾奪人權新聞獎 網媒《加山傳播》宣布遣散所有香港成員(Award-winning online news media DB Channel dismisses all Hong Kong members)
Stand News, November 4, 2021
Chinese State Firm Weighs Bid to Take Over SCMP From Alibaba
Bloomberg, November 5, 2021
Thursday, November 04, 2021
Taiwan (台湾)
欧洲议会代表团见蔡英文 北京警告不要发出错误信号(European Parliament delegation meets Tsai Ing-wen; Beijing warns against sending false signals)
Deutsche Welle, November 4, 2021
Access to Information (公众知情权)
法新社：中国对前领导人性丑闻进行网络封锁审查(Agence France-Presse: China censors information on former leader’s sex scandal)
Radio France Internationale, November 4, 2021
Related:
彭帅被删微博全文 (Full Text of Peng Shuai’s censored Weibo post)
Vision China Times, November 4, 2021Excerpt (translation by HRIC):
"About three years ago, you, Vice Premier Zhang Gaoli, had retired. You contacted me through Dr. Liu of the Tianjin Tennis Center to ask me to play tennis in the Kangming Building in Beijing. After playing in the morning, you and your wife Kang Jie together took me to your home. Then I was taken into a room at your home, and, just like more than ten years ago in Tianjin, you want to have sex with me.
“I was very scared that afternoon. I didn't expect it to be like this. A person stood guard outside. No one could possibly believe that a wife would agree to this. . . . "
"It is true that I have no evidence; and it is impossible to preserve evidence. After that, you kept denying it. But it is a fact you liked me first; otherwise I wouldn't have been able to contact you. That afternoon, I didn't give my consent and kept crying . . . .
"You have said that you are not afraid. But I will tell the truth about you—even if it is like an egg hitting a rock, or a moth flying into the flame."
Access to Justice (司法公正)
异议人士王爱忠被囚逾五个月坚持无罪 妻子促政府放人(Five months in detention, dissident Wang Aizhong insists on innocence; wife urges his release)
Radio Free Asia, November 4, 2021
无国界记者敦促中国立即释放狱中生命堪忧公民记者张展(Reporters Without Borders urges China to immediately release citizen journalist Zhang Zhan, whose life hangs in the balance)
Voice of America, November 4, 2021
Related:
China: RSF urges for release of Covid-19 reporter who faces impending death
Reporters Without Borders, November 3, 2021
Government Accountability (政府问责)
China-EU relations: Lithuania says its rocky ties with Beijing are a ‘wake-up call’ for Europe
Reuters, November 4, 2021
Chinese People Think China Is Popular Overseas. Americans Disagree.
The Diplomat, November 4, 2021
ICTs and Human Rights (信息技术与人权)
Aukus in sights as UN backs China on peaceful transfers of new security tech
South China Morning Post, November 4, 2021
China’s tech and finance crackdown is a challenge to western ideas that cuts across developing world
The Conversation, November 4, 2021
Hong Kong (香港)
Hong Kong’s top court declares unlawful some aspects of ‘joint enterprise’ rule for rioting, illegal assembly cases in landmark judgment
South China Morning Post, November 4, 2021
Related:
HKSAR v. LO KIN MAN (盧建民)
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China Judiciary, November 4, 2021
黎智英等3人涉去年六四集會案 法官裁定案件表證成立(Jimmy Lai, Gwyneth Ho, Chow Hang-tung to stand trial on charges of unauthorized 2020 June Fourth gathering)
Radio Television Hong Kong, November 4, 2021
民主派初選47人案｜馮達浚高院申保釋被拒(Bail denied for Frankie Fung, one of the 47 pro-democracy figures charged under National Security Law)
Ming Pao, November 4, 2021
賢學思政、光城者涉串謀煽動顛覆案 朱慧盈續准保釋 另10人續還押(Only 1 o 11 Student Politicism and Returning Valiant members charged with conspiracy to incite subversion—Jessica Chu—is granted bail)
Ming Pao, November 4, 2021
Five members of pro-establishment New People’s Party to enter Hong Kong’s legislative race in Dec
Hong Kong Free Press, November 4, 2021
Who is a Hong Konger? The US government has one of the widest definitions
Quartz, November 4, 2021